Market Insight - The war on superbugs
This article was originally published in Scrip
Executive Summary
Since the development of the first antibiotics, resistant strains of bacteria, in particular Staphylococcus aureus, have increasingly become an obstacle to the successful use of such drugs. When penicillin was first introduced in 1943, resistant S aureus infections were almost unheard of yet, just four years later, a resistant strain was identified. By 1950, around 40% of nosocomial S aureus infections were penicillin-resistant, and this figure rose to around 80% by 1960. Penicillin resistance in S aureus is mediated by β-lactamase. This enzyme is produced by the bacterium and it hydrolyses the β-lactam ring of the penicillin structure, rendering it inactive.