Public Company Edition: Alto Neuroscience and Fractyl Health grossed $128.6m and $110m, respectively, while FibroBiologics went public in a direct listing. Also, Vaxcyte grossed $862.5m in a follow-on offering, Immunocore grossed $350m in a note sale and Vera raised $287.5m.

The dealmaking column is a survey of recent transactions, including strategic alliances, mergers & acquisitions, and financings, in the life sciences industries. Deals are listed by the following industry sectors: in vitro diagnostics, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and research/analytical instrumentation and reagents. All transactions are excerpted from Elsevier's Strategic Transactions database, providing comprehensive transaction coverage from 1991 to the present.